MED 115 — التشريح والأجنة
السنة 1 · 18 محاضرة · 3 ساعة معتمدة
العناوين والأهداف منقولة من خطة كلية الطب الرسمية.
1. Introduction to the human anatomy
Anatomy
- Define human anatomy and its major subdivisions.
- Introduce students to the approaches of study of anatomy.
- Describe structural levels of human body organization.
- Explain how anatomical terminology is used to describe shape and position of body parts and organs.
- Illustrate the role of modern medical imaging techniques in studying anatomy.
- Define anatomical position, anatomical planes and sections, and directional and positional terms.
2. Skeletal system
Anatomy
- Understand the different types of bones.
- Describe the major bony landmarks.
- Outline individual bones and their major characteristics.
3. Axial and appendicular skeleton
Anatomy
- Describe an overview of the skull.
- Discuss cranial and facial bones with their main features.
- Describe major foramina in cranial fossae and their contents.
- Describe the vertebral column and different types of vertebrae.
- Define the thoracic cage and discuss the ribs and their attachments and movements.
- Describe bones of the shoulder girdle and bones of the upper limb with their major features.
- Describe bones of the pelvic girdle and bones of the lower limb with their major features.
- Differentiate types and classification of joints.
4. Articulations
Anatomy
- List the major joints in the body.
- Describe the shoulder, knee, and hip joints.
- Relate the types of joint to location and functional relevance.
5. Muscular system
Anatomy
- Understand the major anatomical and functional features of different muscles.
- List groups of muscles of head and neck including expression, mastication, and cervical muscles moving the neck.
- List groups of muscles of trunk, shoulder, pectoral, and gluteal muscles.
- List groups of muscles of arm, forearm, and hand.
- List groups of muscles of thigh, leg, and foot.
- Understand group formation of muscles of the back.
6. Cardiovascular system
Anatomy
- Describe major features of the heart and pericardial cavity.
- List the great vessels and their major features.
- Identify major members of pulmonary and systemic circulation.
- Understand the principle of portal circulation and importance of porto-caval and cavo-caval anastomosis.
- Describe the circle of Willis and its major branches and blood vessels of the neck.
- List blood vessels of thoracic and abdominal aorta.
- List blood vessels of the upper limb.
- List the blood vessels of the lower limb.
7. Respiratory system
Anatomy
- Outline organs of the upper respiratory passages and their major features including nose, nasopharynx, and larynx.
- Describe the trachea and the bronchial tree and understand the anatomic organization of the lungs into lobes, segments, and lobules.
- Understand the major features of the pleural cavity.
- Relate structural features of the respiratory passages to their conductive or gas exchange functions.
8. Digestive system
Anatomy
- Outline divisions of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Describe the oral cavity and pharynx including large salivary glands.
- Describe the esophagus and the stomach.
- Understand the divisions of small and large intestine.
- Describe the rectum and anal canal.
- Relate the structural differences of different parts of the gastrointestinal tract to their functional requirements.
- Describe the liver and gallbladder, pancreas and spleen.
9. Urinary system
Anatomy
- Describe the general morphology of the kidney and its frontal section, including kidney capsules, kidney pelvis, and system of calyces.
- Describe the ureters.
- Describe the urinary bladder.
- Understand the difference between male and female urethrae.
10. Male and female reproductive system
Anatomy
- List organs of genital system in males and females and their parts.
- Understand principles of structural differences of male and female genital organs.
11. Nervous system
Anatomy
- Understand the concept of division of nervous system into central and peripheral systems.
- List parts of the brain.
- Discuss the meninges and the ventricular system and CSF circulation.
- Understand topography of the brain and spinal cord.
- Outline the cranial and spinal nerves and understand formation of plexus.
- Understand the principle of dermatomes and myotomes.
- Understand the principle of segmental and peripheral supply.
12. Endocrine system
Anatomy
- List the endocrine glands and their major structural features.
- Compare endocrine organs and endocrine tissues in the body.
13. Immune system
Anatomy
- Understand the concept of primary and secondary lymphatic organs.
- Discuss general features of lymphatic organs.
- Outline the lymphatic circulation.
14. Gametogenesis
Embryology
- Define and understand the concept of gametes, somatic and sex cells.
- Describe formation of male and female gametes: spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
- Discuss principles of reproduction.
15. Fertilization, implantation, and first week of development
Embryology
- Describe fertilization, morula and blastula formation.
- Understand the process of implantation.
- Describe the endometrium and its role in process of implantation.
16. Second week of development
Embryology
- Describe the major events taking place in the second week of development.
- Discuss the formation of bilaminar germ disc.
- Understand the formation of yolk sac, amnion, and chorion.
17. 3rd–8th weeks of development
Embryology
- Describe the major events taking place in the 3rd and subsequent weeks of development up to the 8th week.
- Understand the formation of the trilaminar germ disc.
- List the major derivatives of germ layers.
- Describe and discuss formation of placenta and fetal membranes.
18. Mechanisms of morphogenesis and congenital anomalies
Embryology
- Discuss the principles of morphogenesis.
- Understand factors leading to congenital anomalies with special stress on environmental preventive causes.